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ANNEX 1: BIBLIOGRAPHY
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Web Resources
CABESpace
http://www.cabespace.org.uk/index.html
CABESpace was established to influence
open space strategy and activity in England. During 2003,
the organisation commissioned its first raft of research
projects, final reports from which are available for
download.
Greencluster
http://www.greencluster.org
The
EC research programme Framework 5
included 5 projects funded at between 1 and 2 million Euro
targeted specifically on the subject of urban Greenspace.
The 'Greencluster' was subsequently established to promote
sharing of findings and decision tools. The cluster will
hold its final conference in November 2004, in Utrecht.
Greenspace (Research)
http://www.ucd.ie/greensp/
A direct link to one of the greencluster projects,
which focussed on establishing user needs, choices and
perceived values.
Greenspace (Urban Parks Forum)
http://www.urbanparksforum.co.uk/
Greenspace Scotland
http://www.greenspacescotland.org.uk
This organisation was established recently to provide a
Scottish forum, similar to that provided by Greenspace in
England.
NFPA (2001) The 6 acre standard
http://www.npfa.co.uk
Although not fully available online, the national
playing fields association '6 acre standard' has been
widely debated and has come to provide a key recent example
of how a minimum (quantitative) standard for open space
might be applied. It should be noted that the standard
remains a guideline of the association, rather than being
protected by legislation. Nevertheless, an impact from the
standard has been felt in the development of many locally
established plans, and is mentioned in a range of research
projects.
ODPM (2001) Revision of
PPG17 Sport, Open Space and Recreation
http://www.odpm.gov.uk/stellent/groups/odpm_planning/documents/page/odpm_plan_605903.pdf
ODPM Sustainable Communities
http://www.odpm.gov.uk/stellent/groups/odpm_urbanpolicy/documents/sectionhomepage/odpm_urbanpolicy_page.hcsp
A policy guidance document, which ties open space
provision with various other 'sustainability' issues and
drivers.
Open Space Research Centre
http://www.openspace.eca.ac.uk/
Based in Edinburgh College or Art, and run jointly with
Heriot-Watt University, the
OSRC is holder of a strategic research
development grant from
SHEFC. The centre will host an
international conference on open space issues during
October 2004.
Project for public spaces
http://www.pps.org/
The
PPS website acts as a repository for a
wide range of web resources, dealing with all kinds of
public space. The site contains an interesting section on
'economic benefits'
http://www.pps.org/topics/whyneed/econbenefits/which provides a key overview of previous research in
the area.
School of Landscape, Sheffield University
http://www.shef.ac.uk/landscape/
The School of Landscape as published widely in the
field of public open space, and has contributed to recent
publications from
CABESpace.
Scottish Natural Heritage
http://www.snh.org.uk/
Sustainable Development Indicators
http://www.sustainable-development.gov.uk/indicators/index.htm
Trust for Public Land
http://www.tpl.org/
Selected Locally Developed Standards and
Guidance Available Online
Brighton and Hove
www.brighton-hove.gov.uk/site01.cfm?request=b1100080
Dundee
www.dundeecity.gov.uk/paths/openspace.htm
East Dunbartonshire
www.eastdunbarton.gov.uk
The local plan provides detailed guidance on the
provision of open space, particularly in new developments
(guidance note 13 of local plan, pp 137-139).
Edinburgh
www.edinburgh.gov.uk/CEC/City_Development/Planning_and_Strategy/Natural_Heritage/NatHerIntro.html
A draft open space framework for Edinburgh is out to
consultation (closes November 2004), focussed on
determining the 'quality, function and accessibility' of
greenspace in the city.
English Nature
ANGSt model: research report
www.art.man.ac.uk/PLANNING/cure/ANGST.htm
Greater London
www.london.gov.uk/mayor/strategies/sds/open_space.jsp
Guide to preparing open space strategies.
Newcastle
www.newcastle.gov.uk/pn.nsf/a/openspace?opendocument
Sport England
www.sportengland.org/index/get_resources/resource_ps/kitbag_front_page.htm
Provides a 'good practice guide' to support planning of
new housing developments. The 'kitbag' is divided into
assessment of local needs, delivery, and examples of good
practice.
Stirling
www.stirling.gov.uk/dan_openspace_a4-2.pdf
Development advice note on play and informal recreation
areas in new housing developments. Uses the
NPFA standard as a
reference/benchmark.
Further Reading
Al-Kodmany, K. 1999, 'Using visualization techniques for
enhancing public participation in planning and design:
Process, implementation, and evaluation',
Landscape and Urban Planning, vol. 45, pp. 37-45.
Bromley, R., Hall, M. & Thomas, C. 2003, 'The
impact of environmental improvements on town centre
regeneration',
Town Planning Review, vol. 74, no. 2, pp. 143-164.
Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (
DEFRA) 2003, 'Sustainable development -
the
UK Government's approach',
Sustainable Development, updated 20
th August 2004, viewed 31
st August 2004,
http://www.sustainable-development.gov.uk/index.htm
Department for Transport, Local Government and the
Regions (
DTLR) 2002a,
Green Spaces, Better Places:
Final report of the Urban Green Spaces Taskforce,
DTLR, London.
Department for Transport, Local Government and the
Regions (
DTLR) 2002b,
Urban Greenspaces Task Force Working Group 4: Improving
Planning, Design, Management and Maintenance,
DTLR, London.
Groat, L. 1982, 'Meaning in post-modern
architecture: An examination using the multiple sort task,
Journal of Environmental Psychology, vol. 2, pp.
3-22.
Herzog, T. (1989) 'A Cognitive Analysis of
Preference for Urban Nature', Journal of Environmental
Psychology, 9: 27-43.
Luttik, J. 2000, 'The value of trees, water and open
space as reflected by house prices in the Netherlands',
Landscape and Urban Planning, vol. 48, pp.
161-167.
Office of the Deputy Prime Minister (
ODPM), 2002,
Living Places. Cleaner, Safer, Greener,
ODPM, London.
Nasar, J.L. 1998, The Evaluative Image of the City,
Sage Publications, London.
Planning Advice Note 65: Planning and Open Space
http://www.scotland.gov.uk/library5/planning/pan65-01.asp
Scottish Enterprise 1997, Streets Ahead, Scottish
Enterprise, Glasgow.
Scottish Executive 2001,
Rethinking Open Space. Open Space Provision and
Management: A Way Forward, Kit Campbell Associates,
Edinburgh.
TPL, The economic benefits of open space
(
http://www.tpl.org/tier3_cd.cfm?content_item_id=1195&folder_id=727)
Urban Task Force (1999)
Towards an Urban Renaissance. London, E&FN
Spon.
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